Pregnancy is a situation that is very complex and occurs when multiple factors are simultaneously appropriate. In order for pregnancy to occur, women’s ovulation processes must be uneventful, the maturing egg must move from the ovary to the fallopian tubes without any obstruction, sexual intercourse must take place, men must have high sperm quality and fertilize the egg. The process is not limited to these stages. After fertilization, the egg must reach the uterus and attach to the inner wall of the uterus.

Step by Step Pregnancy Formation

When women are born, they have a certain number of egg reserves. From puberty, these eggs mature under the influence of hormones that control the menstrual cycle, and usually one of them matures and leaves the ovary every month. The maturation of the egg means that it is ready for fertilization with sperm cells. The only task of the hormones that control the menstrual cycle is not only to mature the egg, but also to prepare the uterus for the pregnancy process thanks to these hormones.

In the middle of the menstrual cycle, the egg matures and leaves the ovary and begins to travel first to the fallopian tubes and then to the uterus through the fallopian tubes. It takes about 12 – 24 hours for the egg to reach the uterus from the fallopian tubes.

In this process, if unprotected sexual intercourse occurs, the sperms begin to move from the vaginal canal to the fallopian tubes. The survival time of sperm and whether they can complete their journey is directly proportional to their quality. The criteria for sperm to be of good quality are their number, speed and morphological features. When the sperm coincides with an egg, if the sperm manages to pierce the cell membrane of the egg and enters the egg, fertilization takes place. The fertilized egg continues to travel from the fallopian tubes to the uterus and reproduces by dividing. It takes 3-4 days to reach the uterus.

When the fertilized egg, which reproduces by division, reaches the uterus, it settles in the inner layer. This process, also called adhesion, requires a total of one week. In some women, bleeding occurs in the form of spotting when the fertilized egg attaches to the uterus. This bleeding, called “implantation bleeding”, is a sign that the fertilized egg is attached to the uterus.

After this process, Beta HCG, also known as pregnancy hormone, begins to be secreted and pregnancy can be detected by blood analysis.